What is locomotive, locomotive engine, steam locomotive.

 What is locomotive;-

A locomotive is a machine which transfers the chemical energy of a fuel into the mechanical energy of motion.

Classification of locomotives:-

Following are the types of locomotives used in Indian Railway.

  1. Steam locomotives.
  • Boiler.
  • Steam engine.
  • Wheel and frame.
  • Tender.
2. Diesel locomotives.
3. Electric locomotives.

1. What is Steam locomotives:-

A typical steam locomotive and the various parts of a steam locomotive are described as follows.

I.  Boiler:-

A boiler consists of a firebox, a barrel, and a smoke box. Coal is fired in the firebox, where water is converted into steam.
The smoke and gases from the fire box passes through the smoke pipe and finally get discharge through the chimney.

II.  Steam engine:-

The steam engine consists of a cylinder, a piston, and other moving parts. It converts the heat energy of the steam into rotary energy.

III.  Wheel and frame:-

The locomotive has idle as well as loaded wheels. The frame is supported on the wheel it carries the boiler and also holds the steam engine and other parts of the locomotive.

IV.  Tender:-

A tender is provided behind the locomotive to store fuel. The tender is a type of mini wagon that is supported on wheels and is coupled with the main locomotive.

2. What is Diesel locomotives:-

  • The diesel locomotive works on the principle of a diesel engine.
  • It uses diesel oil as fuel and combustion takes place inside a cylinder.
  • The air inside the cylinder is compressed, rising the temperature of the air. The fuel is injected inside the cylinder causing spontaneous combustion.
  • The diesel engine mostly comprises four stroke cycles consisting of suction compression, ignition and exhaust.
  • Diesel electric locomotives have become quite popular because of economy in operation and high tractive effort even at low speeds.

3.  What is Electric locomotives:-

  • In electric locomotives movement is brought about by means of electric motors.
  • Indian railways has locomotives that have the best of both systems for example locomotives with DC series motor that collect power at 25 KV-AC single phase at an industrial frequency of 50 cycles.
  • The voltage is stepped down from 1500 volt aur 750 volt AC to DC by means of silicon rectifier and this power is then fed to the DC series motor inside the electric locomotives.
  • Earlier Indian railways had an electric traction system that worked using 1500 volt dc and 3000 volt AC.


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